The question "How intelligent animals are came into existence in this planet?" was whirling in my mind. Such a question had arise when I was thinking what does it take to create a truly intelligent agent like human brain out of a finite amount of energy & time.
This is amazing - the answer I was seeking is finally here:
Vast amount of energy formed due to sudden burst(Big bang) resulted in formation of particles(such as quarks). High temperature kicked these particles to move faster and faster, but expansion caused temperature to reduce and hence particles gradually slowed down. This resulted the formation of next order particles(such as electrons, protons, neutrons...). As the particles slowed down further due to dropping temperature, protons and neutrons accumulated into nuclei and hence atoms are formed. As the temperature further reduced and movement further slowed down, electrons gets attached to nuclei and relatively stable state is formed which resulted in formation of atoms. Till now atoms are of single atomic number (one proton, one electron) - we call it as Hydrogen. These Hydrogen atoms with unit proton, neutron & electron then resulted in forming galaxies, stars, planets. Later on by addition/fusion of Hydrogen, higher elements with bulky atoms(more particles) formed. In that process an higher order atom with 6 protons and 6 electrons formed - we call it as Carbon. And even an atom with 8 protons and 8 electrons also formed - we call it as Oxygen. After certain time when temperature dropped to a pleasant value, in one of the revolving body (Earth), these atoms of Hydrogen, Carbon & Oxygen together created these wonders on this planet- Water(Hydrogen and Oxygen), organic matter(Carbon and Hydrogen) and combustion (Carbon & Oxygen).
Now lets jump on to Darwin's theory - When water on this planet gets stagnated, Carbon and Hydrogen settled to form a cell of organic matter, it was later evolved to multi-cellular organisms such as algae, marine species including water plants, amphibians, land species, birds. Out of so many possible combinations, there also lies a combination which had natural intelligence, we call them humans.
Now the question is - these intelligent species are now trying to find out answer for the question - why is the universe the way it is?
A month ago, while I was surfing on an online store, there was a recommendation of book : 'Brief history of Time - Stephen Hawking'. I was aware of Professor Hawking, a famous physicist. Preface and short summary of it were interesting. I said myself - 'Its been long time you read physics, lets have a look'.
High school science text books introduced basic laws of science, which are then broadened during pre university studies. During undergrad freshman year had read physics again on few narrow topics such as quantum mechanics, optics,... (In fact, my all time high score in academics was achieved in physics - 99/100, during Bachelor degree!) But, somehow the topics read were so disconnected in mind. 'The brief history of Time' helped to link one with another to make real sense. Thank you author.
The Author starts with historical beliefs and theories about the world around us. Then takes readers into a journey alongside timeline in which he narrates how the beliefs gets revised as centuries rolled, from Greek Philosophers to Copernicus & Galileo to Newton to Einstein to Heisenberg & Bohr to contemporary physicists. Meanwhile, you will be given with thoughts and affirmations of improvement in accuracy of understanding of universe.
I enjoyed reading it end to end, completed today. I would greatly recommend it to anybody who is interested in physics. If you don't have time for going through works of several researchers & scientists of past two millenniums, Professor Hawking has summarized it for you in simple words! By the time you finish reading book, you will be more confident about basic concepts in science.
I was astonished, for the way Professor thinks. The way how he throws questions, and answers one by one. This book summarized many theories, out of which it developed deep interest in me to have a deeper look on Einstein's "General and Special theory of Relativity" and Darwin's "Evolution of species". Now, I know what to read next!
This is amazing - the answer I was seeking is finally here:
Vast amount of energy formed due to sudden burst(Big bang) resulted in formation of particles(such as quarks). High temperature kicked these particles to move faster and faster, but expansion caused temperature to reduce and hence particles gradually slowed down. This resulted the formation of next order particles(such as electrons, protons, neutrons...). As the particles slowed down further due to dropping temperature, protons and neutrons accumulated into nuclei and hence atoms are formed. As the temperature further reduced and movement further slowed down, electrons gets attached to nuclei and relatively stable state is formed which resulted in formation of atoms. Till now atoms are of single atomic number (one proton, one electron) - we call it as Hydrogen. These Hydrogen atoms with unit proton, neutron & electron then resulted in forming galaxies, stars, planets. Later on by addition/fusion of Hydrogen, higher elements with bulky atoms(more particles) formed. In that process an higher order atom with 6 protons and 6 electrons formed - we call it as Carbon. And even an atom with 8 protons and 8 electrons also formed - we call it as Oxygen. After certain time when temperature dropped to a pleasant value, in one of the revolving body (Earth), these atoms of Hydrogen, Carbon & Oxygen together created these wonders on this planet- Water(Hydrogen and Oxygen), organic matter(Carbon and Hydrogen) and combustion (Carbon & Oxygen).
Now lets jump on to Darwin's theory - When water on this planet gets stagnated, Carbon and Hydrogen settled to form a cell of organic matter, it was later evolved to multi-cellular organisms such as algae, marine species including water plants, amphibians, land species, birds. Out of so many possible combinations, there also lies a combination which had natural intelligence, we call them humans.
Now the question is - these intelligent species are now trying to find out answer for the question - why is the universe the way it is?
A month ago, while I was surfing on an online store, there was a recommendation of book : 'Brief history of Time - Stephen Hawking'. I was aware of Professor Hawking, a famous physicist. Preface and short summary of it were interesting. I said myself - 'Its been long time you read physics, lets have a look'.
High school science text books introduced basic laws of science, which are then broadened during pre university studies. During undergrad freshman year had read physics again on few narrow topics such as quantum mechanics, optics,... (In fact, my all time high score in academics was achieved in physics - 99/100, during Bachelor degree!) But, somehow the topics read were so disconnected in mind. 'The brief history of Time' helped to link one with another to make real sense. Thank you author.
The Author starts with historical beliefs and theories about the world around us. Then takes readers into a journey alongside timeline in which he narrates how the beliefs gets revised as centuries rolled, from Greek Philosophers to Copernicus & Galileo to Newton to Einstein to Heisenberg & Bohr to contemporary physicists. Meanwhile, you will be given with thoughts and affirmations of improvement in accuracy of understanding of universe.
I enjoyed reading it end to end, completed today. I would greatly recommend it to anybody who is interested in physics. If you don't have time for going through works of several researchers & scientists of past two millenniums, Professor Hawking has summarized it for you in simple words! By the time you finish reading book, you will be more confident about basic concepts in science.
